Upgrading and Repairing PCs Free Open Book

Upgrading and Repairing PCs

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N-Type semiconductors 
names
    filenames
        aliases  2nd  3rd 
        filename extensions 
        long filename support  2nd  3rd  4th 
nanoseconds 
nanosliders  2nd 
Napier's Bones 
Napier, Charles 
Napier, John 
narrow-channel systems 
National Committee on Information Technology Standards (NCITS) 
National Rural Telecommunications Cooperative (NRTC) 
National Semiconductor 
National Television System Committee (NTSC) 
Natoma chipsets  2nd  3rd  4th 
NCITS (National Committee on Information Technology Standards) 
NDP (numeric data processor).  [See math coprocessors]
NEAT (New Enhanced AT) CS8221 chipset 
NEC Technologies, Inc.
    contact information 
NEC-Mitsubishi Electronics Display of America, Inc.
    contact information 
needle-nose pliers 
negative DC voltages  2nd  3rd 
Neptune (430NX) chipsets  2nd 
NetBEUI  2nd 
NetBIOS
    NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User Interface)  2nd 
NetWare operating systems
    drive limitations 
network adapters
    memory  2nd  3rd 
network cards
    BIOS 
network interface adapters
    diagnostic software  2nd  3rd 
network interface cards (NICs)
    resource conflicts 
network interface cards.  [See NICs]
network topologies
    bus  2nd 
    comparison of  2nd  3rd 
    ring  2nd  3rd 
    star 
networking  2nd  3rd  4th 
    analog modems  2nd 
        56Kbps modems  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th  11th  12th  13th  14th  15th 
        AT commands  2nd 
        baud rates  2nd 
        bit rates  2nd 
        call-waiting support 
        data bits 
        data-compression standards  2nd  3rd  4th 
        error-correction protocols  2nd  3rd  4th 
        external  2nd  3rd 
        fax modems  2nd 
        gaming-optimized modems 
        internal  2nd  3rd 
        MNP10EC support 
        modulation standards  2nd  3rd  4th 
        parity 
        PCI (Peripheral Connect Interface) buses 
        proprietary standards  2nd 
        recommendations  2nd  3rd  4th  5th 
        standards organizations  2nd  3rd 
        start-stop communications  2nd  3rd 
        stop bits 
        support for  2nd 
        telephone company upgrades  2nd 
        troubleshooting  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th 
        upgrading  2nd  3rd  4th 
        USB (Universal Serial Bus) connections 
        voice support 
        WinModems  2nd  3rd 
    benefits  2nd 
    broadband Internet access
        advantages  2nd  3rd 
        cable modems  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th  11th 
        choosing  2nd 
        comparison of access types  2nd 
        DirecWAY  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th  11th  12th 
        DSL (digital subscriber line)  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th  11th 
        filtering services 
        fixed-base wireless broadband 
        ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th 
        ISPs (Internet Service Providers)  2nd 
        leased lines  2nd  3rd  4th 
        security  2nd 
        service interruptions  2nd 
        signal lights  2nd 
        speeds  2nd 
        StarBand  2nd  3rd  4th 
        summary of access types  2nd 
        TCP/IP settings 
    cables 
        buying tips  2nd 
        cable distance limitations  2nd  3rd 
        choosing  2nd 
        Direct Cable Connection technology  2nd 
        grounding loops 
        installation  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th  11th  12th  13th  14th  15th 
        Thicknet  2nd 
        Thinnet 
        twisted-pair  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th  11th  12th  13th  14th  15th  16th  17th  18th  19th  20th  21st  22nd 
    CATV networks 
        Absolute BeginnerÕs Guide to Cable Internet Connections  
        asymmetrical networks 
        bandwidth  2nd  3rd  4th 
        bundled cable modems 
        CableLabs cable modems 
        costs 
        DOCSIS-compliant cable modems 
        external cable modems  2nd 
        internal cable modems 
        performance  2nd  3rd 
        security  2nd 
    client/server networks 
        clients 
        compared to peer-to-peer networks  2nd  3rd 
        servers 
    defined  2nd 
    Ethernet  2nd  3rd  4th 
        cables  2nd  3rd 
        compared to home networking  2nd 
        defined  2nd 
        Fast Ethernet  2nd 
        Gigabit Ethernet  2nd 
        hubs  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th  11th  12th  13th  14th  15th 
        network adapter connectors  2nd  3rd  4th 
        switches  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th  11th  12th 
        Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)  2nd  3rd  4th  5th 
    extranets
        defined 
        security 
    gateways 
    HANs (home area networks)
        defined 
    hardware and software requirements  2nd 
    hardware worksheet  2nd  3rd  4th 
    HFC (hybrid fiber/coax) networks 
    HomePNA 
        compared to Ethernet  2nd 
        topology  2nd 
        version 1.0  2nd 
        version 2.0  2nd 
        Web site  2nd 
    hubs  2nd  3rd 
        buying tips  2nd 
        compared to switches  2nd  3rd 
        dual-speed 
        managed/unmanaged 
        placement of  2nd 
        ports  2nd 
        stackable 
    infrastructure mode 
    intelligent sharing 
    Internet
        defined 
    intranets
        defined 
        security 
    LANs (local area networks).  [See LANs]
    network cards
        BIOS 
    networking software
        configuring  2nd  3rd  4th 
        installing  2nd 
    NICs (network interface cards) 
        bus types  2nd 
        connectors  2nd  3rd  4th 
        costs 
        full-duplex 
        half-duplex 
        installing  2nd  3rd  4th  5th 
        speed  2nd 
        testing  2nd 
        Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) 
    peer-to-peer networks  2nd  3rd 
        compared to client/server networks  2nd  3rd 
    powerline networking  2nd 
        compared to Ethernet  2nd 
        Consumer Electronics Association R7.3 specification 
        HomePlug 1.0  2nd 
        HomePlug AV 
    protocols  2nd 
        IP (Internet Protocol) 
        IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange)  2nd 
        NetBEUI  2nd 
        TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)  2nd  3rd  4th 
    recording network information  2nd 
    shared hardware components  2nd 
    shared Internet connections  2nd 
        gateways  2nd 
        ICS (Internet Connection Sharing)  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th 
        proxy servers  2nd 
        routers  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th 
        troubleshooting  2nd 
    switches
        address storing 
        buying tips  2nd 
        compared to hubs  2nd  3rd 
        dual-speed 
        placement of  2nd 
        ports  2nd 
        stackable 
    tips and tricks 
        installation  2nd 
        resource sharing  2nd 
        security  2nd 
        shared Internet connections  2nd 
    Token-Ring  2nd  3rd  4th 
    topologies
        bus  2nd 
        comparison of  2nd  3rd 
        ring  2nd  3rd 
        star 
    troubleshooting
        shared resources  2nd 
        software setup  2nd 
        TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) 
    WANs (wide area networks)
        defined 
    wireless networking 
    wireless networks  2nd  3rd  4th 
        Bluetooth  2nd  3rd  4th 
        comparison of standards  2nd 
        HomeRF 
        topologies  2nd 
        Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th 
networks
    ARPAnet 
    Telenet- 
New Enhanced AT (NEAT) CS8221 chipset 
New Partition Wizard  2nd 
New Technology File System.  [See NTFS]
NexGen
    processors
        specifications 
NexGen Nx586 processors  2nd 
nForce chipsets  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th 
nForce2 chipsets  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th 
Nibble Mode memory.  [See FPO DRAM (Fast Page Mode DRAM)]
nickel-ferrite (NiFe) film 
NICs (network interface cards) 
    bus types  2nd 
    connectors  2nd  3rd  4th 
    costs 
    full-duplex 
    half-duplex 
    installing  2nd  3rd  4th  5th 
    resource conflicts 
    speed  2nd 
    testing  2nd 
    Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) 
NiFe (nickel-ferrite) film 
NLX motherboards  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th 
    advantages  2nd 
    identifying 
    length of 
    power supply  2nd 
    riser cards  2nd 
    specification 
    system layout  2nd  3rd 
NLX power supply  2nd 
NMIs (nonmaskable interrupts) 
No boot device available (error message) 
No boot sector on fixed disk (error message) 
NO ROM BASIC _ SYSTEM HALTED error message 
NO ROM BASIC SYSTEM HALTED error message  2nd 
no-tool cases 
Noble, David 
Non Return to Zero (NRZI data encoding 
non-PC ROM upgrades  2nd 
Non-Return to Zero (NRZ) 
Non-System disk or disk error (error message) 
nonblocking cache 
nondestructive formatters  2nd  3rd 
noninterlaced monitors  2nd 
nonlinear power 
nonmaskable interrupts (NMIs) 
nonresident attributes (NTFS) 
nonstandard system indicator byte values  2nd 
nonvolatile memory.  [See ROM BIOS]
nonvolatile storage  2nd  [See also hard disk drives]
North Bridge chipsets  2nd  3rd  4th 
    ALiMagic1 
    AMD-761 
    Apollo KLE133 
    Apollo KT133 
    Apollo KT133A 
    Apollo KX133 
    Apollo Pro  2nd  3rd 
    Apollo Pro133A 
    Apollo Pro266 
    Intel 430FX 
    Intel 430HX 
    Intel 430LX 
    Intel 430NX 
    Intel 440BX 
    Intel 440EX 
    Intel 450FX 
    Intel 450KX/GX 
    NVIDIA 
    Radeon 
Norton Utilities  2nd 
    Disk Editor  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th  7th  8th  9th  10th  11th  12th  13th  14th 
        examining drives  2nd 
        finding number of clusters  2nd 
        Read-Write mode  2nd 
        recovering erased files  2nd  3rd  4th 
        recovering files from hard disk/Flash memory  2nd  3rd  4th 
    Protected Recycle Bin
        Windows 2000/XP 
        Windows 9x/Me  2nd 
    UnErase
        Windows 2000/XP 
        Windows 9x/Me  2nd 
notebook computers
    Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)  2nd 
notebooks
    keyboards  2nd  3rd  4th 
    Pentium II processors
        Pentium II Mobile Module  2nd 
    processors
        386SL  2nd 
Novastor
    Tape Copy software 
    Web site 
Novell NetWare operating systems
    drive limitations 
Novell, Inc.
    contact information 
Noyce, Robert  2nd 
Npaier's Bones 
NPN semiconductors  2nd 
NRTC (National Rural Telecommunications Cooperative) 
NRZ (Non-Return to Zero) 
NRZI (Non Return to Zero) data encoding 
NT.  [See Windows NT]
Ntdetect.com 
NTFS (New Technology File System) 
    backward compatibility 
    compatibility  2nd 
    extents 
    long filename support 
    MFT (master file table)  2nd 
    NTFS 5 updates  2nd 
    partitions  2nd 
    permissions 
    resident/nonresident attributes 
    system files  2nd 
    transactions 
    utilities  2nd 
    Windows XP improvements  2nd 
NTFS (NT File System)  2nd  3rd  4th  5th 
    characteristics  2nd 
    cluster sizes  2nd 
    data recovery  2nd 
    volume limits  2nd 
NTFS (Windows NT File System) partitions 
NTSC (National Television System Committee) 
null modem cables  2nd 
Num Lock feature (keyboards)  2nd 
numbers
    Intel model numbers  2nd 
    key numbers  2nd  3rd  4th 
    physical connector part numbers  2nd 
    ROM (read-only memory) chip part numbers  2nd 
        EEPROM (electronically erasable programmable ROM) 
        EPROM (erasable programmable ROM) 
        PROM (programmable ROM) 
    sector numbers 
numeric data processor (NDP).  [See math coprocessors]
numeric keypads 
    BIOS setup 
numerical aperture 
nut drivers 
NVIDIA
    3D chipsets 
    chipsets
        Athlon64 chipsets 
        nForce family  2nd  3rd  4th 
        nForce2 family  2nd  3rd  4th 
nVidia
    contact information 
NVIDIA
    integrated video/motherboard chipsets 
    multiple-head video chipsets 
nView multidisplay hardware 
Nx586 processors (NexGen)  2nd 
nylon cable-ties 



     Main Menu
Main Page
Table of content
Copyright
About the Author
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter 1. Development of the PC
Chapter 2. PC Components, Features, and System Design
Chapter 3. Microprocessor Types and Specifications
Chapter 4. Motherboards and Buses
Chapter 5. BIOS
Chapter 6. Memory
Chapter 7. The ATA/IDE Interface
Chapter 8. The SCSI Interface
Chapter 9. Magnetic Storage Principles
Chapter 10. Hard Disk Storage
Chapter 11. Floppy Disk Storage
Chapter 12. High-Capacity Removable Storage
Chapter 13. Optical Storage
Chapter 14. Physical Drive Installation and Configuration
Chapter 15. Video Hardware
Chapter 16. Audio Hardware
Chapter 17. I/O Interfaces from Serial and Parallel to IEEE-1394 and USB
Chapter 18. Input Devices
Chapter 19. Internet Connectivity
Chapter 20. Local Area Networking
Chapter 21. Power Supply and Chassis/Case
Chapter 22. Building or Upgrading Systems
Chapter 23. PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance
Chapter 24. File Systems and Data Recovery
Appendix A. Glossary
Appendix B. Key Vendor Contact Information
Appendix C. Troubleshooting Index
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
Index
Index SYMBOL
Index A
Index B
Index C
Index D
Index E
Index F
Index G
Index H
Index I
Index J
Index K
Index L
Index M
Index N
Index O
Index P
Index Q
Index R
Index S
Index T
Index U
Index V
Index W
Index X
Index Y
Index Z


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